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Posts by category

• Category: Arts and Aesthetics 艺术与美学
  • Category: Aesthetic Philosophy 美学哲思
    • Four Masters of Regular Script 楷书四大家：欧阳询、颜真卿、柳公权、赵孟頫
  • Category: Literature and Poetry 文学与诗歌
    • Four Great Tang Poets – Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, Bai Juyi | Great Four 唐代四大诗人
    • Four Great Japanese Classical Literary Works – Genji, Pillow Book, Heike, Basho | Great Four 日本古典四大文学
    • Four Literary Giants – Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, Goethe and Their Eastern Counterparts | Great Four 荷马、但丁、莎士比亚、歌德 · 东西方文学的交相辉映
    • Four Great Epics – Gilgamesh, Iliad, Mahabharata, Divine Comedy 四大史诗：吉尔伽美什、伊利亚特、摩诃婆罗多、神曲
  • Category: Music and Performance 音乐与表演
    • String Quartet – Four Voices in Conversation | Great Four 弦乐四重奏
    • Four Musical Traditions: Chinese, Western, Indian, Arabic | Great Four 四大音乐传统
  • Category: Traditional Crafts 传统工艺
    • Traditional Composite Bow – Four Core Bow Systems, Craft, and Heritage | Great Four 传统复合弓 – 四大核心弓系的工艺与传承
• Category: Chinese Cultural Heritage 华夏典藏
  • Category: Architecture and Heritage 建筑与遗产
    • Four Great Grottoes – Mogao, Yungang, Longmen, Maijishan | Great Four 中国四大石窟
    • Four Sacred Mountains – Tai, Hua, Heng(South), Heng(North) | Great Four 四岳·神圣山岳：泰山、华山、衡山、恒山
    • Four Great Bridges of China 四大名桥：赵州桥、卢沟桥、广济桥、洛阳桥
    • Four Great Towers of China 中国四大名楼
  • Category: Classical Literature 古典文学
    • Siku Quanshu – Collection and Exclusion | Great Four 四库全书：收与不收的辩证法
    • Four Books and Their Transformations – From Dialogue to Answer | Great Four 从对话到答案：四书的四次变形
    • Four Tones of Classical Chinese – Ping, Shang, Qu, Ru | Great Four 古汉语四声 · 平上去入
    • Four Great Chinese Folk Legends – Love Against the World | Great Four 中国四大民间传说
    • Journey to the West – The Four Pilgrims and the Psyche | Great Four 西游四人组
    • Journey to the West 《西游记》
    • Water Margin 《水浒传》
    • Dream of the Red Chamber 《红楼梦》
    • Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
  • Category: Culinary Arts 饮食文化
    • Four Tea Traditions – Green, Black, White, Dark | Great Four 四大茶系
    • Four Great Culinary Traditions – Lu, Chuan, Yue, Huaiyang | Great Four 中国四大菜系
  • Category: Education and Scholarship 教育与学术
    • Four Great Academies of China 中国四大书院
  • Category: Ethics and Philosophy 伦理与哲学
    • Four Pillars: Li Yi Lian Chi – Guan Zhong’s Moral Foundation | Great Four 四维：礼义廉耻
    • Four Seasons and the Harmony of Heaven, Earth, Humanity | Great Four 四时与天人合一
    • Four Books of Confucianism 儒家四书：大学、中庸、论语、孟子
  • Category: Martial Traditions 武艺传统
    • Global Traditional Archery & Kyudo – Ritual, Self-Cultivation, and Modern Heritage | Great Four 全球传统射艺与弓道文明 – 器物背后的礼仪、修身与当代传承
  • Category: Myth and Symbols 神话与象征
    • The Four Ferocious Beasts in Classical Chinese Texts | Great Four 古典文献中的四大凶兽：浑敦、穷奇、梼杌、饕餮
    • Black Tortoise 玄武 – 北方守护者
    • Vermilion Bird 朱雀 – 南方守护者
    • White Tiger 白虎 – 西方守护者
    • Azure Dragon 青龙 – 东方守护者
  • Category: Seasons and Solar Terms 节气与时令
    • Four Seasons, Eight Nodes, Twenty-Four Solar Terms 四时·八节·二十四节气
  • Category: Traditional Aesthetics 传统美学
    • Four Great Embroideries – Su, Xiang, Yue, Shu | Great Four 中国四大名绣
    • Seasonal Poetic Names – Lanshi, Zhuming, Sushang, Xuanying | Great Four 季节雅称
    • Four Great Inkstones – Duan, She, Tao, Chengni 四大名砚：端砚、歙砚、洮砚、澄泥砚
    • Four Arts: Qin, Qi, Shu, Hua 琴棋书画：文人的四种日常修炼
    • Four Treasures of the Scholar’s Studio 文房四宝
    • The Four Gentlemen: Plum, Orchid, Bamboo, Chrysanthemum 花中四君子
• Category: Civilizational Dialogue 文明互鉴
  • Category: Civilizational Heritage 文明遗产
    • Four Great Ancient Capitals – Chang’an, Rome, Constantinople, Baghdad | Great Four 世界四大古都
    • Four African Ancient Civilizations – Egypt, Nubia, Aksum, Mali | Great Four 非洲 – 一个长期被全球叙事低估的文明板块
    • Four Great Libraries – Alexandria, Baghdad, Nalanda, Nineveh 世界四大图书馆：亚历山大、巴格达、那烂陀、尼尼微
    • The Compass 指南针
    • Gunpowder 火药
    • What Ancient India Gave the World 古印度的独特馈赠
    • What Ancient Babylon Gave the World 古巴比伦的独特馈赠
    • Printing 印刷术
    • Papermaking 造纸术
    • What Ancient China Gave the World 古中国的独特馈赠
    • What Ancient Egypt Gave the World 古埃及的独特馈赠
  • Category: Civilizations in Encounter 文明的相遇
    • Four Civilizational Bonds: Underlying Forms of Interconnection Among Human Civilizations | Great Four 四重文明纽带：人类文明互联互通的底层形态
    • Four Philosophies of Love – Eros, Philia, Storge, Agape and What Chinese Thought Adds | Great Four 古希腊四种爱
    • Four Writing Systems – Chinese Characters, Alphabet, Arabic Script, Devanagari | Great Four 四大文字系统
    • Four Oceans and Civilization – Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic | Great Four 四大洋与文明
    • Shakespeare’s Four Tragedies and Four Chinese Classical Tragedies – Two Tragic Traditions Compared | Great Four 莎翁四大悲剧与中国四大古典悲剧
    • Four Hero Archetypes – Xia, Tragic Hero, Karma Yogi, Norse Warrior | Great Four 四大英雄原型：侠客、悲剧英雄、行动瑜伽士、北欧勇士
    • Why Four? – A Stagewise Reflection | Great Four 为什么是四？ – 阶段性的回眸
    • Four Concepts of Time – Cyclical, Linear, Cosmic, Calendrical | Great Four 四种时间观：循环、线性、宇宙大周期、历法多重周期
    • Four Concepts of Wisdom – Zhi, Sophia, Prajñā, Hikmah | Great Four 四种智慧哲学：智、Sophia、Prajñā、Hikmah
    • Four Concepts of Harmony – He, Dharma, Wa, Ubuntu | Great Four 四种和谐哲学：和而不同、Dharma、和、Ubuntu
    • Four Symbols vs Four Elements – Two Ways of Naming the Cosmos | Great Four 四象与四大元素：两种命名宇宙的方式
    • Four Moral Sprouts vs Four Contract Principles – Does Ethics Grow from Inside or Outside? | Great Four 四端之心与四大契约底线：道德从内生长还是由外约定？
    • Four Tea Cultures — China, Japan, Britain, Morocco | Great Four 四种饮茶文明：中国、日本、英国、摩洛哥
    • Four Civilizational Ports – Alexandria, Guangzhou, Malacca, Venice | Great Four 四大文明港口：亚历山大、广州、马六甲、威尼斯
    • Four Educational Ideals — Junzi, Citizen, Awakened One, Scholar | Great Four 四种理想教育观：君子、公民、觉者、学者
    • Four Table Cultures — Round Table, Long Table, Tatami, Floor Mat 四种餐桌文化：圆桌、长桌、榻榻米、地席
    • Four Realms vs Four Quadrants – Two Grammars of Garden Space 四境造园与四方庭苑：两种空间语法
    • Four Fermentation Traditions – Beer, Wine, Sake, Huangjiu and Baijiu 四大酿造文明：啤酒、葡萄酒、清酒、黄酒与白酒
    • Four Navigational Discoveries – Monsoon, Vinland, Pacific, Magellan 四大航海发现：季风、文兰、太平洋、麦哲伦
    • Four Ancient Mapping Approaches – Chinese, Islamic, Medieval European, Polynesian 四大古代地图绘制方式：中国、伊斯兰、中世纪欧洲、波利尼西亚
    • Four Architectural Wonders – Pyramids, Parthenon, Taj Mahal, Angkor Wat 四大建筑奇迹：金字塔、帕特农、泰姬陵、吴哥窟
    • Two Sets of Four Literary Classics – An Open Question 两组“四大”文学经典：一个开放的问题
    • Mencius vs Aristotle – Two Visions of Human Virtue 孟子与亚里士多德：人性善端与美德习惯
    • Four Chivalric Traditions — Chivalry, Bushido, Futuwwa, Xia 四大侠义传统：骑士、武士、福图瓦、侠
    • Four Great Western Sculptures – David, Venus, Victory, Thinker 西方四大雕塑：大卫、维纳斯、胜利女神、思想者
    • Four Vanished Civilizations – Pompeii, Loulan, Maya, Minoan 四大消失的文明：庞贝、楼兰、玛雅、米诺斯
    • Confucius Among the Lawgivers – The Fourth Way on the Supreme Court Wall 侧影与法典：孔子与汉谟拉比、摩西同列
    • Chinese Zodiac vs Western Horoscope 十二生肖与黄道十二宫：两种阅读时间的方式
    • Four Symbols vs Four Elements 四象与四元素：东西方如何阅读宇宙
    • TCM Four Diagnostics vs Western Four Humors 中医四诊与西方四体液：两个医学世界
    • Four Great Museums of the World 世界四大博物馆
    • Mencius and Aristotle 孟子与亚里士多德
    • Four River Civilizations 四大河流文明
    • Four Great Human Migrations 四次人类大迁徙
    • Four Ancient Trade Routes 四大古贸易之路
  • Category: Shakespeare's Four Tragedies Shakespeare's Four Tragedies 莎士比亚四大悲剧
    • Macbeth by Shakespeare 《麦克白》
    • King Lear by Shakespeare 《李尔王》
    • Othello 《奥赛罗》
    • Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》
  • Category: Virtues and Education 人格美德与教育
    • Six Arts vs Seven Liberal Arts 六艺与七艺
• Category: Cosmos and Humanity 宇宙与人文
  • Category: Astronomy and Cosmology 天文与宇宙观
    • Four Creative Archetypes – The Quadrilateral Mindset That Shapes Modern Civilization | Great Four 人类四大创造原型
    • Four Giant Planets – The Solar System’s Outer Order | Great Four 太阳系四大巨行星
    • Four Celestial Poles – The Four Boundaries That Frame the Cosmos | Great Four 天之四极
    • The Great Square of Pegasus – Autumn Sky’s Celestial Ruler | Great Four 飞马座大四边形
  • Category: Philosophy of Technology 技术哲学
    • Four Roads to the Same Truth – The Gougu Theorem in China, Babylon, India, and Greece | Great Four 四种独立发明的「同一个原理」- 勾股定理在中国、巴比伦、印度、古希腊的独立路径
    • Four Countenances – Wall of Minds That Shape Our Time | Great Four 四相
• Category: Editor's Observation 编者观察
  • Suffering Is Not A Civilizational Brand | Great Four 苦难不是文明的标签
  • G4 Editor’s Observation: Endowments and Waste | Great Four 时代观察：禀赋与虚耗
• Category: Figures and Lives 人物群像
  • Category: Thinkers and Historians 思想家与史家
    • Four Great Buddhist Monks — Faxian, Kumarajiva, Xuanzang, Jianzhen 四大高僧：法显、鸠摩罗什、玄奘、鉴真
    • Four Great Historians 思想家与史家
  • Category: Traditional Medicine Figures 传统医学人物
    • Four Great Physicians of China – Bian Que, Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, Li Shizhen | Great Four 中国传统四大名医
    • Hua Tuo – Ancient Surgeon, Anesthesia Pioneer, and a Tragedy of Lost Knowledge | Great Four 华佗
    • Avicenna – The Canon of Medicine and the Golden Age of Islam 伊本·西那：伊斯兰黄金时代的《医典》
    • Charaka – The Master of Ayurvedic Internal Medicine 遮罗迦：阿育吠陀内科学的宗师
    • Sushruta – The Father of Surgery in Ancient India 妙闻：古印度的外科之父
    • Hippocrates – The Oath, the Humors, and the Birth of Rational Medicine 希波克拉底：誓言、体液与理性医学的诞生
    • Imhotep – From Temple to Operating Table 印何阗：从神庙到手术台
    • Bian Que – The Doctor Who Read the Body Like a Text 扁鹊：像阅读文本一样阅读身体的人
  • Category: Women of Letters 文苑女史
    • Zhuo Wenjun 卓文君 – 选择爱的女子
    • Shangguan Wan’er 上官婉儿 – 诗人、官员、幕后者
    • Cai Wenji 蔡文姬- 诗人、囚徒、幸存者
    • Li Qingzhao 李清照- 词的重塑者
• Category: History and Institutions 历史与典制
  • Category: Dynasties and States 王朝与国家
    • Four Ancient Capitals of China | Great Four 中国四大古都
    • Four Great Women Leaders – Hatshepsut, Cleopatra, Wu Zetian, Catherine the Great | Great Four 四位古代女性领袖
  • Category: Economy and Development 经济与发展
    • Four Industrial Revolutions – How Technology Has Remade the World | Great Four 四次工业革命
    • Four Great Navigators – Zheng He, Columbus, da Gama, Magellan | Great Four 四大航海家
    • Four Asian Tigers — An Economic Miracle and Its Lessons 亚洲四小龙：韩国、新加坡、中国香港、中国台湾
  • Category: Law and Institutions 法律与制度
    • Four Great Assassins of Ancient China – Zhuan Zhu, Yao Li, Nie Zheng, Jing Ke | Great Four 先秦四大刺客
    • Four major legal traditions 四大法律传统
• Category: Human Community 人类共同体
  • Category: Astronomy & Earth 天文与地球
    • Four Revolutions in Cosmic Cognition – From Fixed Celestial Sphere to Dark Universe Awakening | Great Four 人类四次星空认知革命：从固定天球到暗宇宙觉醒
    • Four Great Breakthroughs – Humanity’s Steps Toward Deep Space | Great Four 四次突破：人类走向深空的四大里程碑
  • Category: Biology & Life 生物与生命
    • Four Great Awakenings – Humanity’s Leaps to Understand Life | Great Four 四次觉醒：人类读懂生命的四大跨越
  • Category: Chemistry 化学
    • Four Great Unlockings: Chemistry’s Milestones in Understanding Matter | Great Four 四次解锁：人类认知物质世界的四大里程碑
    • Four Revolutions in Human Material Cognition – From Classical Elemental Intuition to Quantum Reconstruction | Great Four 人类四次物质认知革命：从古典元素猜想到量子物质重构
  • Category: Engineering & Technology 工程与技术
    • Four Great Communications Revolutions: Uniting Human Civilization Across Time and Space | Great Four 四次传联：打通人类文明的四大通讯变革
  • Category: Medicine 医学
    • Four Great Escapes: Medicine’s Four Milestones Against Suffering | Great Four 四次突围：人类对抗病痛的四大文明飞跃
  • Category: Physics 物理
    • Four Revolutions in Human Understanding of Light – From Sensory Intuition to Wave-Particle Duality | Great Four 人类对光的认知四次革命：从感官直觉到波粒二象的宇宙信使
    • Four Great Paradigm Shifts – How Physics Rewrote Our View of the Universe | Great Four 四次重构：人类理解宇宙规则的四大范式跃迁
• Category: Nature and Science 自然与科学
  • Category: Medical Knowledge 医学知识
    • Four Classics of Chinese Medicine 中医四大经典：黄帝内经、难经、伤寒杂病论、神农本草经
  • Category: Technology and History 技术与历史
    • Four Great Reshapes: Four Revolutions That Remade Human Life | Great Four
    • Earth’s Four Spheres – The Planet as a System of Four | Great Four 地球四大圈层：岩石圈、水圈、大气圈、生物圈
    • Four Mathematical Constants – π, e, φ, √2 四大数学常数
    • Four Astronomical Traditions – China, Babylon, India, Maya 四大天文传统：中国、巴比伦、印度、玛雅
    • Four Calendar Traditions – Gregorian, Chinese, Islamic, Hebrew 四大历法传统：公历、农历、伊斯兰历、希伯来历
    • From Mafeisan to Ether – Four Breakthroughs in the History of Anesthesia 从麻沸散到乙醚：麻醉史上的四次突破
    • Four Color Theorem and Quaternions – Four in Mathematics 四色定理与四元数：数学中的两个“四”
    • DNA’s Four Bases – The Four Letters of Life DNA四碱基：生命遗传密码的四个字母
    • Four Mathematical Traditions 四大数学传统
    • Nature and Science 自然与科学
• Category: Thought and Belief 思想与信仰
  • Category: History of Ideas 思想史
    • Jung’s Four Psychological Types and TCM’s Four Constitutions | Great Four 荣格四型与中医四质
    • The Fourfold Path – Dante, the Buddha, and the Shape of Liberation | Great Four 四重道路
    • Four Philosophical Traditions – Chinese, Greek, Indian, Islamic | Great Four 四大哲学传统：中华、希腊、印度、伊斯兰
    • Laozi’s Four Greats – Tao, Heaven, Earth, Humanity | Great Four 道家四大：道、天、地、人
    • Four Intellectual Awakenings 四次思想启蒙
    • Category: Translation and Language 翻译与语言
      • Four Failed Likenesses – When 四不像 Becomes the Word for the Unclassifiable | Great Four
      • Four Generations, Not Under One Roof – What English Cannot Carry Out of 四世同堂
      • The Number That Is Both Omen and Blessing — Why 四 Sounds Like Death, Yet Means 四季平安 | Great Four
      • Four Directions, Four Fates — Why “East, South, West, North” Is Not 东南西北 | Great Four
  • Category: Religion and Belief 宗教与信仰
    • Four Great Bodhisattvas – Manjushri, Samantabhadra, Guanyin, Ksitigarbha | Great Four 佛教四大菩萨
    • Four Views of Death – Ancestors, Afterlife, Rebirth, Resurrection | Great Four 四种死亡观：华夏祖先祭祀、古埃及来世、佛教轮回、基督教复活
    • Four Gospels, Four Voices, One Question | Great Four 马太、马可、路加、约翰 · 一个普通读者眼中的四福音书
    • Buddhism 佛教：苦难的诊断与超越之路
    • Christianity 基督教
    • Islam 伊斯兰教
    • Hinduism 印度教：世界上最古老的现存宗教之一
    • Four Noble Truths 佛家四谛
• Category: Uncategorized
  • Four Frontier Expansions: The Four Transport Revolutions That Reshaped Human Time and Space | Great Four 四次拓界：重塑人类时空的四大交通变革
• Category: Vanishing Traditions 消逝中的传统
  • Category: Endangered Traditions 濒危的传统
    • Four Vanishing Crafts 四种正在消逝的传统技艺
  • Category: Extinct Civilizations 消逝的文明
    • Four Lost Scripts 四种失落的文字
    • Four Civilizations Remembered Through Fragments 通过碎片被记住的四种文明
    • Four Vanished Cities 四座消失的城市